The Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) has announced the examination framework for students who are currently enrolled in Class IX during the 2026–27 academic session. These students will appear for their Class X board examinations in 2028. According to the revised structure, candidates will have to take five mandatory board examination subjects, while an additional vocational subject will provide an alternative academic pathway.

The board has introduced two options for vocational education, giving students the flexibility to select either an internally assessed school-level programme or a skill-based subject assessed through the Class X board examination.

Five Subjects to Be Included in Mandatory Board Examinations

Under the proposed arrangement, students will be required to appear for board examinations in the following five subjects:

• Two languages
• Mathematics
• Science
• Social Science

In addition to these examination papers, the curriculum will include four other compulsory learning areas. These are a third language, art education, physical education and well-being, and vocational education.

Two Routes Available for Vocational Education

Although vocational learning will form a mandatory part of the curriculum, students will be able to select one of two available routes.

Option 1: Kaushal Vikas

Students choosing Kaushal Vikas will be evaluated internally by their respective schools rather than through a separate CBSE board examination. Those achieving the prescribed minimum score of 33% will be awarded a certificate by their school.

Option 2: Skill-Based Board Examination

The second pathway allows students to select one subject from a list of 22 recognised skill-based disciplines. Some of the available choices include:

• Artificial Intelligence
• Data Science
• Information Technology
• Financial Markets
• Healthcare
• Design Thinking

Students selecting this route will have to sit for the corresponding Class X board examination. Those who meet the required performance criteria will receive a qualification recognised under the National Skills Qualifications Framework (NSQF).

Additional Skill Subject May Offer an Alternative Qualification Route

One of the significant features of the framework is the provision for an additional skill subject. This could offer students another opportunity to meet the requirements for passing Class X if they do not clear one of the core subjects, such as Mathematics, Science or Social Science, subject to the applicable CBSE examination and result rules.

Framework Applies to the 2026–27 Class IX Batch

CBSE has clarified that the revised arrangements are intended for students presently studying in Class IX during the 2026–27 academic year. The changes will therefore apply to their Class X board examinations in 2028 and will not alter the examination structure for students who are already in Class X.